A professor at the University of Limerick has identified a gap in the classification of a portion of the digestive system. The mesentery, which connects the intestine to the abdomen, has for hundreds of years been mistakenly considered a fragmented structure made of separate parts. However, the Professor or Surgery at UL’s Medical School, J Calvin Coffey, challenged this ideology and found that the mesentery is one continuous structure. By acknowledging this differentiation, it allows researchers to target abnormalities and diseases as well as could lead to improved health outcomes.

It is widely accepted that the presentation and course of Crohn’s disease (CD) is highly variable. A new study conducted by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Cedars-Sinai Medical Center sought to conceptualize the cellular mechanisms behind CD and characterize the processes associated with disease phenotypes (http://gut.bmj.com/content/early/2016/10/13/gutjnl-2016-312518.abstract).

Research has found that KRAS mutations are present in 30 percent of non-small cell lung cancers (NSLC) and in 40 to 50 percent of colorectal cancers. This mutation prevalence has been linked to poor survival rates and chemotherapy resistance within the impacted oncology cohorts. In an attempt to remedy this known issue, researchers at University of California, San Diego screened KRAS mutant cells for synthetic lethal interactions (https://www.genomeweb.com/cancer/kras-driven-tumor-growth-inhibited-microrna). Results concluded that the miR-1298 gene when inhibited is lethal to the growth of KRAS-mutated cells, both in vitro and in vivo through a combination of microarray analyses.